cs50p/project.py

127 lines
4.5 KiB
Python

"""Final project for CS50P - Davte. See README.md for more information."""
import math
import random
from typing import Tuple
import fpdf
import fpdf.table
from fpdf.fonts import FontFace
from fpdf.enums import TextEmphasis
BOLD = TextEmphasis.coerce('B')
def draw_table(pdf: fpdf.FPDF, state: str, key_position: int = -1, coin_to_flip: int = -1,
highlight_parity_bits: bool = False) -> fpdf.table.Table:
square_side = int(len(state)**0.5)
with pdf.table(text_align='CENTER',
first_row_as_headings=False) as table:
for i, v in enumerate(state):
if i % square_side == 0:
row = table.row()
cell_value = {'0': 'H', '1': 'T'}[v]
cell_style = FontFace()
if i == coin_to_flip:
cell_style.fill_color = (153, 0, 153)
cell_style.emphasis = BOLD
if i == key_position:
cell_style.color = (255, 128, 0)
cell_style.emphasis = BOLD
elif highlight_parity_bits and i in (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32):
cell_style.color = (119, 136, 153)
cell_style.emphasis = BOLD
row.cell(cell_value, style=cell_style)
return table
def get_parity(n: str) -> int:
num_bits = int(math.log2(len(n)))
parity = 0
for i in range(num_bits):
block_parity = 0
for j, val in enumerate(n):
if j & (2**i) == 2**i:
block_parity = block_parity ^ int(val)
parity += block_parity * (2**i)
return parity
def get_coin_to_flip(initial_state: str, key_position: int) -> int:
current_value = get_parity(initial_state)
return current_value ^ key_position
def store_pdf(file_name, state, key_position: int = -1, coin_to_flip: int = -1):
pdf = fpdf.FPDF(orientation="P", unit="mm", format="A4")
pdf.set_auto_page_break(False)
pdf.add_page()
pdf.set_font("Times", size=100 // math.log2(math.sqrt(len(state))))
draw_table(pdf=pdf, state=state, key_position=key_position, coin_to_flip=coin_to_flip)
pdf.output(file_name)
def solve(initial_state: str, coin_to_flip: int) -> str:
"""Return the chessboard in `initial_state` after flipping `coin_to_flip`."""
result = list(initial_state)
result[coin_to_flip] = '0' if result[coin_to_flip] == '1' else '1'
return ''.join(result)
def is_power_of_two(n: int) -> bool:
k = 1
while k <= n:
if k == n:
return True
k *= 2
return False
def get_parameters(board_side: int = 8) -> Tuple[str, int, int]:
"""Generate a random chessboard and a random key position and solve the puzzle.
Return a board of side `board_side`, a key position and the coin to flip.
"""
if not is_power_of_two(board_side):
raise ValueError("Board side must be a power of two!")
random.seed()
initial_state = ''.join(map(str, (random.randint(0, 1) for _ in range(board_side ** 2))))
key_position = random.randint(0, board_side ** 2 - 1)
coin_to_flip = get_coin_to_flip(initial_state, key_position)
return initial_state, key_position, coin_to_flip
def main() -> None:
board_side = 0
while board_side < 2:
try:
board_side = input("Choose a side length for the chessboard (press enter for default value 8)\t\t")
if not board_side:
board_side = 8
board_side = int(board_side)
if not is_power_of_two(board_side):
raise ValueError
except (ValueError, TypeError):
board_side = 0
print(f"Invalid input `{board_side}`. Please enter a power of two.")
continue
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("\nExiting...")
return
print(f"Generating a random {board_side} x {board_side} chessboard...")
initial_state, key_position, coin_to_flip = get_parameters(board_side=board_side)
print("Show Player 1 the file `Key.pdf`.")
store_pdf(file_name='Key.pdf', state=initial_state,
key_position=key_position)
final_state = solve(initial_state, coin_to_flip)
print("Once Player 1 has flipped a coin, the chessboard should look like "
"the one in `Problem.pdf`. Show it to Player 2.")
store_pdf(file_name='Problem.pdf', state=final_state)
print("You can use `Solution.pdf` to validate the answer of Player 2.")
store_pdf(file_name='Solution.pdf', state=final_state,
key_position=key_position, coin_to_flip=coin_to_flip)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()